A few years ago, a friend of mine, Dr. Muzamil, shared a picture of an extraordinary tomb with me, sparking my curiosity. The intricate cut-brick decoration adorning the walls of this structure left me awe-struck. Never before had I witnessed such unique architecture in Pakistan. I initially believed it to be a one-of-a-kind masterpiece, but as it turned out, I was mistaken.
This tomb is believed to have been constructed during the Khiljis dynasty, which followed the Muslim Tughlaq, Ghorids, and Slave dynasties from 1320 to 1413.
The tomb of Muhammad Harun, an Arab governor of Makran in the early 8th century A.D., is considered to be the oldest Muslim tomb in Pakistan. This square brick structure features a chamber covered by a low dome. The second specimen in this series is the so-called tomb of Khalid Walid, located in the village of Khattichaur near Kabirwala.
The final example in this series is the tomb of Sheikh Sadan Shaheed, situated near the village of Jalaran, along the Muzaffargarh-Jhang road. This brick tomb stands on a raised platform, approximately two meters above the surrounding ground. The intricate cut-brick decoration distinguishes this tomb, placing it in a unique position among the early funerary buildings in Pakistan. Its design reflects the influence and continuation of Hindu-Buddhist architectural elements, a feature rarely found in early Muslim structures in the country. Inside the square chamber, the use of corner squinches creates an octagonal shape through corbelled brick courses.
I had the opportunity to visit this tomb last year in early November, on a Thursday. To my amazement, there was a large gathering of followers, who had arrived with their families on tractor trolleys from nearby villages to pay their respects and offer tribute. Adjacent to the tomb, there was a small mosque where people recited the Quran and some tied ribbons of hope at the entrance. Several stalls were set up, offering pastries, bangles, sweets, and shawls adorned with Quranic verses.
The tomb is located approximately 2.5 kilometers from the Chenab River. Local legends are associated with this sacred site. One story suggests that when Sheikh Sadan Shaheed passed away, the locals buried him on nearby sand dunes and constructed the tomb there. The initial location differed from the current site. It is said that Sheikh Sadan Shaheed was a follower of Taunsa Sahib, and the first shrine was intended to be built at a higher elevation than the Taunsa Sahib Shrine. Over time, as a token of gratitude from his followers, the shrine gradually descended from the top of the nearby sand dunes.
The second myth associated with this tomb is that no roof can be constructed atop it.
Although
the authenticity of these legends and stories remains uncertain, one undeniable
truth about this tomb is that it symbolizes the rich civilization and heritage
of our land. The intricate cut-brickwork is a testament to the skilled
craftsmanship of the past. Efforts must be made to preserve this national
heritage and ensure its survival for future generations to appreciate and
admire.
