The Indus Valley State Railway was a narrow-gauge railway system that operated in the Sindh province of present-day Pakistan during the early 20th century. The railway was built to serve the agricultural areas of the lower Indus Valley and was primarily used to transport crops such as cotton, wheat, and rice.
The Indus Valley State Railway was established in 1901 by the British Indian government and operated until 1929 when it was merged with the North Western State Railway. The railway had a total length of about 130 miles (209 kilometers) and connected the cities of Hyderabad, Tando Adam, and Mirpur Khas.
The railway was originally built with 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow-gauge tracks but was later converted to 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge tracks in order to improve its efficiency. The railway also had a number of steam locomotives, which were later replaced by diesel locomotives in the 1950s.
Today, the Indus Valley State Railway is no longer in operation, but the railway tracks and some of the historic locomotives can still be seen in museums in Pakistan. The railway is considered to be an important part of Pakistan's railway heritage and a testament to the country's colonial history.
